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How Many Square Feet Is the Comtemporary Art Museum of Chicago

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Art museum in Chicago, Illinois

Museum of Contemporary Art Chicago
MCA Chicago 060930.jpg

Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago is located in Near North Side, Chicago

Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago

Location in Chicago'southward Near North Side community area
Established 1967
(current location since 1996)
Location 220 East Chicago Avenue,
Chicago, Illinois 60611-2643
United States
Coordinates 41°53′50″North 87°37′16″W  /  41.8972°N 87.6212°Due west  / 41.8972; -87.6212
Director Madeleine Grynsztejn
Website mcachicago.org

The Museum of Contemporary Art (MCA) Chicago is a contemporary art museum near Water Tower Place in downtown Chicago in Cook County, Illinois, United States. The museum, which was established in 1967, is 1 of the world's largest contemporary art venues. The museum's collection is composed of thousands of objects of Post-Globe War Two visual art. The museum is run gallery-style, with individually curated exhibitions throughout the year. Each exhibition may be composed of temporary loans, pieces from their permanent collection, or a combination of the two.[1]

The museum has hosted several notable debut exhibitions including Frida Kahlo'southward first U.S. exhibition and Jeff Koons' first solo museum exhibition. Koons later presented an exhibit at the Museum that broke the museum's attendance tape. The current record for the about attended exhibition is the 2017 exhibition of Takashi Murakami work. The museums collection, which includes Jasper Johns, Andy Warhol, Cindy Sherman, Kara Walker, and Alexander Calder, contains historical samples of 1940s–1970s belatedly surrealism, popular art, minimalism, and conceptual fine art; notable holdings 1980s postmodernism; as well as contemporary painting, sculpture, photography, video, installation, and related media. It also presents dance, theater, music, and multidisciplinary arts.

The current location at 220 East Chicago Avenue is in the Streeterville neighborhood of the Well-nigh North Side community expanse.[two] Josef Paul Kleihues designed the current building after the museum conducted a 12-month search, reviewing more than 200 nominations.[iii] The museum was originally located at 237 East Ontario Street, which was originally designed equally a baker. The current edifice is known for its signature staircase leading to an elevated ground flooring, which has an atrium, the total glass-walled east and w façades giving a direct view of the city and Lake Michigan.

History [edit]

The Museum of Contemporary Fine art (MCA) Chicago was created as the event of a 1964 meeting of xxx critics, collectors and dealers at the home of critic Doris Lane Butler to bring the long-discussed thought of a museum of contemporary fine art to complement the city'due south Fine art Institute of Chicago, according to a thou opening story in Fourth dimension.[four] It opened in fall 1967 in a small infinite at 237 East Ontario Street that had for a time served as the corporate offices of Playboy Enterprises.[five] Its commencement manager was Jan van der Marck.[six] In 1970 he invited Wolf Vostell to brand the Physical Traffic sculpture in Chicago.[7]

Initially, the museum was conceived primarily as a space for temporary exhibitions, in the German kunsthalle model. Notwithstanding, in 1974, the museum began acquiring a permanent collection of gimmicky art objects created after 1945.[eight] The MCA expanded into side by side buildings to increase gallery infinite; and in 1977, following a fundraising drive for its tenth anniversary, a three-story neighboring townhouse was purchased, renovated, and connected to the museum.[5] In 1978, Gordon Matta-Clark executed his final major project in the townhouse. In his work Circus Or The Caribbean area Orange (1978), Matta-Clark made circle cuts in the walls and floors of the townhouse side by side-door to the first museum.[9] [ten]

Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago.

In 1991, the museum's Board of Trustees contributed $37 million ($73.6 meg today) of the expected $55 million ($109.four one thousand thousand) structure costs for Chicago'south first new museum building in 65 years.[11] Half dozen of the board members were key to the fundraising equally major donors: Jerome Stone (chairman emeritus of Stone Container Corporation), Beatrice C. Mayer (daughter of Sara Lee Corporation founder Nathan Cummings) and family unit, Mrs. Edwin Lindy Bergman, the Neison Harris (president of Pittway Corporation) and Irving Harris families, and Thomas and Frances Dittmer (bolt).[12] [thirteen] The Board of Trustees and then weighed architectural proposals from six finalists: Emilio Ambasz of New York; Tadao Ando of Osaka, Japan; Josef Paul Kleihues of Berlin; Fumihiko Maki of Tokyo; Morphosis of Santa Monica, Calif.; and Christian de Portzamparc of Paris.[12] According to Chicago Tribune Pulitzer Prize-winning architecture critic Blair Kamin, the list of contenders was controversial because no Chicago-based architects were included as finalists despite the fact that prominent Chicago architects such equally Helmut Jahn and Stanley Tigerman were amid the 23 semi-finalists. In fact, none of the finalists had made any prior structures in Chicago. The option procedure, which started with 209 contenders, was based on professional qualifications, recent projects, and the ability to work closely with the staff of the aspiring museum.[14]

from right (1919)

from left (1919)

In 1996, the MCA opened its current museum at 220 East Chicago Avenue, which was the site of a sometime National Guard Arsenal between Lake Michigan and Michigan Artery from 1907 until it was demolished in 1993 to make fashion for the MCA.[15] The 4-story 220,000-square-pes (xx,000 mtwo) building designed by Josef Paul Kleihues,[16] which was five times larger than its predecessor,[17] fabricated the Museum of Contemporary Art (MCA) Chicago the largest establishment devoted to contemporary art in the world.[18] The concrete structure is said to reference the modernism of Mies van der Rohe as well every bit the tradition of Chicago architecture.[8] The museum opened at its new location June 21–22, 1996, with a 24-hour event that drew more than than 25,000 visitors.[9] For its 50th anniversary in 2017, the museum unveiled a $sixteen one thousand thousand renovation by architects Johnston Marklee, which redesigned 12,000 square anxiety inside the existing footprint of the original Joseph Paul Kleihues pattern.[nineteen]

Performance [edit]

The museum operates as a taxation-exempt non-turn a profit organization, and its exhibitions, programming, and operations are member-supported and privately funded.[20] The board of trustees is composed of six officers, 16 life trustees, and more 46 trustees. The current lath chair is Michael O'Grady.[21] The museum likewise has a director, who oversees the MCA'southward staff of almost 100. Madeleine Grynsztejn replaced 10-year director Robert Fitzpatrick during the 2008 fiscal year in this capacity, and she is the MCA'south offset female person director.[22]

The museum operates with three programming departments: Curatorial, Operation, and Learning and Public Programs. The curatorial staff consists of James W. Alsdorf Master Curator Michael Darling, Senior Curator Naomi Beckwith, Adjunct Curator Lynne Warren, Associate Curator of Performance Tara Aisha Willis, and Assistant Curator Grace Deveney.[23] In 2009, the museum reported $17.5 million in both operating income, 50% of which came from contributions, and operating expenses.[24] Contributions were received from individuals, corporations, foundations, government entities, and fundraising.[25] In 2016, the museum reported $23 1000000 in both operating income and operating expenses. sixty.iii% came from contributions.[26]

The museum is airtight Mondays and is open from 10 a.m. to 5 p.chiliad. on Wednesdays, Thursdays, Saturdays, and Sundays, with extended hours of operation on Tuesdays and Fridays until 9 p.m. While the museum has no mandatory admission charge, suggested access is $xv for adults and $8 for students, teachers and seniors. Access is free for MCA members, members of the military and all youth xviii and nether. It currently provides free access to Illinois residents every Tuesday.[27] During the summers, the museum provides free outdoor Tuesday Jazz concerts.[28] In addition to art exhibits, the museum offers trip the light fantastic toe, theater, music, and multidisciplinary arts. The programming includes master projects and festivals of a broad spectrum of artists presented in performance, discussion, and workshop formats.[29]

Exhibitions [edit]

Past [edit]

In its first year of operation, the museum hosted the exhibitions, Pictures To Be Read/Poetry To Be Seen, Claes Oldenburg: Projects for Monuments, and Dan Flavin: Pink and Gold, which was the artist's first solo testify.[9] In 1969, the museum served as the site of Christo'due south first building wrap in the Usa. It was wrapped in more than 8,000 square feet (700 m²) of tarpaulin and rope.[xxx] The following yr it hosted one-person shows for Roy Lichtenstein, Robert Rauschenberg, and Andy Warhol.

The MCA has likewise played host to the commencement American and solo exhibitions of prominent artists such every bit Frida Kahlo[viii] in 1978.[31] Other exhibition highlights include the kickoff solo museum shows of Dan Flavin,[32] [33] in 1967,[31] and Jeff Koons,[34] in 1988.[31] In 1989, the MCA hosted Robert Mapplethorpe, The Perfect Moment, a traveling exhibition organized past the Institute of Contemporary Fine art in Philadelphia.[5] Additional highlights of exhibitions organized or co-organized by the MCA include:

  • Enrico Baj (1971)
  • Chuck Shut (1972)
  • Lee Bontecou (1972)
  • Richard Artschwager (1973)
  • Thomas Kovachevich (1973)
  • Robert Irwin (1975)
  • Vito Acconci (1980)
  • Magdalena Abakanowicz (1982)
  • Lorna Simpson (1992)
  • Beverly Semmes (1995)
  • Mona Hatoum (1997)
  • Tom Friedman (2000)
  • John Currin (2003)
  • Rudolf Stingel (2007)

Recent [edit]

In 2006, the MCA was the only American museum to host Bruce Mau's Massive Change exhibit, which concerned the social, economical, and political effects of design. Additional 2006 exhibitions featured photographers Catherine Opie and Wolfgang Tillmans as well as Chicago-based cartoonist Chris Ware. The 2008 Koons retrospective bankrupt the omnipresence record with 86,584 visitors for the May 31 – show of September 21, 2008.[35] [36] This was the culminating showroom of the 2008 fiscal year,[37] which celebrated the 40th ceremony of the museum.[38]

In 2009, the MCA presented Jeremy Deller's exhibition It Is What Information technology Is: Conversations Almost Iraq. The exhibition was organized by the New Museum, and it was a new commission by the New Museum, New York; the Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago; and the Hammer Museum, Los Angeles.[39]

Co-organized by the San Francisco Museum of Mod Art and the Wexner Center for the Arts, the MCA presented Luc Tuymans from October 2010 – January 2011.[40] Susan Philipsz: We Shall Be All was presented at the MCA Feb – June 2011. The Turner Prize-winning artist's sound exhibition featured protestation songs and drew from Chicago'due south labor history.[41] The exhibition Eiko & Koma: Time is Not Even, Infinite is Not Empty is the first serial of stage performances and a gallery exhibition presented at the MCA. The Japanese-born choreographers and trip the light fantastic artists perform and exhibit at the MCA June – November 2011.[42]

In 2014, the MCA was the only US venue to mount the David Bowie Is... exhibition, which broke previous omnipresence records for the museum.[43] To engagement, the most attended exhibition is the 2017 Takashi Murakami: The Octopus Eats Its Own Leg showroom, which bankrupt the David Bowie Is... record set in 2014 with over 193,000 attendees.[44]

Following David Bowie Is..., the MCA debuted the critically acclaimed exhibition Kerry James Marshall: Mastry in 2016. Mastry later on traveled to the Metropolitan Museum of Fine art, New York, and the Los Angeles Museum of Contemporary Art.[45] In 2017, the MCA curated a show by the Japanese artist Takashi Murakami which set attendance records, and in 2019 the museum launched a mid-career retrospective for the work of the American designer Virgil Abloh, a sometime collaborator of Murakami'southward.[46]

In 2020, the MCA opened "Duro Olowu:Seeing Chicago", a curated exhibition by Duro Olowu of over 350 artworks from Chicago which marked the commencement time the museum had hired a guest art curator.[47]

Recurring programs [edit]

After a 10-twelvemonth run, the exhibition series UBS 12x12: New Artists/New Work is moving from the second floor to the third floor, into a larger gallery infinite and volition change its proper noun to "Chicago Works." The exhibition series volition still feature Chicago-area artists. Rather than each artist beingness displayed for one month, each exhibition in the serial will now exist displayed for three months.[48]

Starting in 2002, the MCA began commissioning artists and architects to blueprint and construct public fine art for the forepart plaza. The goal of the program is to link the museum to its neighboring community by extending its programmatic, educational, and outreach functions.[49] While artists have been exhibited intermittently on the MCA plaza since 2002, the summer 2011 plaza exhibit showcasing 4 works by Miami-based sculptor Mark Handforth marks a revitalization of the plaza project.[50]

From October through May, the MCA hosts monthly Family Days, which characteristic creative activities for all ages.[51] Each summer, the museum hosts Tuesdays on the Terrace, a jazz performance series, and a Farmers Market on the MCA plaza on Tuesdays from June through October.[52] Year circular, the MCA offers a Tuesday evening series, In Progress, that explores the creative process, in addition to a Friday evening series led by local artists in the museum'southward public engagement space, the Eatables.[53]

Functioning [edit]

The MCA Stage has featured local, national, and international theater, dance, music, multimedia, and pic performances. It is known as the "most active interdisciplinary arts presenter in Chicago" and partners with local customs organizations for the co-presentations of performing arts.[54]

Notable MCA Stage appearances include performances past Mikhail Baryshnikov, 8th blackbird, Peter Brook, Marie Chouinard, Merce Cunningham, Philip Glass, Martha Graham, Akram Khan, Taylor Mac, and Twyla Tharp.[55]

New construction [edit]

The new five-storey limestone and cast-aluminum construction was designed by Berlin architect Josef Paul Kleihues. The building, which opened in 1996, contains 45,000 square feet (4,200 m2) of gallery space (seven times the space of the old museum), a theater, studio-classrooms, an education center, a museum shop, a restaurant-café, and a sculpture garden.[8] [56] The MCA building was Kleihues'south start American construction. Its construction cost Us$46.5 million ($80.3 million today).[57] The sculpture garden, which is 34,000 square feet (3,200 mtwo),[sixteen] includes a sculptural installation by Sol LeWitt and sculptures by George Rickey and Jane Highstein. The floor plan of both the building and the sculpture garden is a foursquare, on which the proportions of the building is based.[58]

The building'due south chief entrance, which is accessed by scaling 32 steps, uses both symmetry and transparency every bit themes for its large central glass walls that etch the majority of both the east and westward façades of the edifice. Two additional entrances—into the instruction center and into the museum shop—are located on either side of the main staircase. The monumental staircase with projecting bays and plinths that may be used equally the base for sculpture is reminiscent of the propyleia of the Acropolis in Athens.[58] The main level entry hall has an adjacent 55-foot (16.eight m) atrium that connects it to a eatery in the rear of the building. Two galleries for temporary exhibitions flank the atrium. The stairwell in the northwest corner is oft cited as the buildings most interesting and dynamic artistic feature. The elevated views of Lake Michigan are considered to exist a rewarding characteristic of the edifice.[30] The building's 56-foot (17.i m) drinking glass facade sits atop sixteen feet (4.nine m) of Indiana limestone.[59] The edifice is known for its paw-cast aluminum panels adjoined to the facade with stainless steel buttons.[30] [59] The building has ii 2-story gallery spaces and a smaller 1-story gallery space on the second floor. The third floor has a gallery and exhibition space in its northwest section, and the 4th floor has two large galleries, an exhibition space on the west side of the edifice, and a gallery in the southwest section.[30] [59]

The museum has a 296-seat multi-utilise theater with a proscenium-layout stage. The seats are laid out in 14 rows with two side aisles. The stage is 52 by 34 feet (16 one thousand × x m) and elevated 36 inches (0.91 thousand) higher up the floor level of the start row of seats. The house has a 12 degree incline. The stage has iii curtains and four catwalks.[60] For its 50th anniversary in 2017, the museum unveiled a $xvi million renovation by architects Johnston Marklee, which redesigned 12,000 square feet (ane,100 yard2) inside the existing footprint of the original Joseph Paul Kleihues pattern.[61]

In 2017, the MCA commissioned architects Johnston Marklee to redesign select public spaces of the museum to create three major new offerings: Marisol, the ground-flooring destination eating place with an immersive art environment past international artist Chris Ofili; a social appointment space called the Commons on the 2d floor with an installation by Pedro y Juana; and a new tertiary floor with classrooms and a flexible meeting space that puts learning at the very centre of the museum. This major $16-million renovation converted 12,000 square feet (ane,100 mii) of interior space and coincided with the MCA's 50th ceremony.[62]

Critical review [edit]

Complaining that the structure has a more fortress-like exterior than the Museum'south earlier home, Kamin viewed the architectural try as a fumbled work. However, he considered the interior to be serene and contemplative in a style that complements the contemporary fine art and compact and organized in a manner that is an improvement on the more traditional mazelike museums.[30] Comparison the building to the Sullivan Heart and the Art Institute of Chicago Building, Kamin describes the museum every bit an homage to two of Chicago's architectural influences: Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Louis Sullivan.[30] Other critics as well note the presence of Mies van der Rohe's spirit in the architecture.[63]

Chicago-based architect Douglas Garofalo has described the building every bit stark, intimidating and "incongruous with contemporary sensibilities".[49] The interior atrium, which the architect claims links the urban center to the lake is function of a transcendent infinite that benefits from the sunlight that enters through the loftier glass walls. The building is said to be designed to separate the fine art from other distracting services and functions of the venue.[63] Kamin was also pleased with the split entrances on the master floor for the museum store and accessibility entrances.[30]

New Vision [edit]

Announced by the Chicago Tribune in June 2011, the MCA is in the process of reinventing its identity with new curators, a new floor programme, and a new vision. MCA Director Madeleine Grynsztejn says the museum seeks to be 50/50 artist-activated/audience-engaged. The master flooring'due south due north and south galleries will present exhibitions showcasing the museum's permanent collection and piece of work by post-emerging contemporary artists. The third floor will exist for the "Chicago Works" series. The fourth floor will accept gallery spaces for the MCA Screen and MCA DNA serial, while the primary barrel-vaulted galleries will be for special exhibitions.[64]

Collection [edit]

The museum'southward drove consists of almost 2,700 objects, as well as more than 3,000 artist's books. The collection includes works of art from 1945 to the nowadays.[65]

Former MCA Primary Curator Elizabeth Smith provided a narrative of the museum's collection.[66] She says the collection has examples of late surrealism, pop fine art, minimalism, and conceptual fine art from the 1940s through the 1970s; work from the 1980s that can exist grouped under postmodernism; and painting, sculpture, photography, video, installation, and related media current artists explore.[67]

Notable Works [edit]

  • Study for a Portrait, 1949, by Francis Salary
  • Les merveilles de la nature (The Wonders of Nature), 1953, René Magritte[68]
  • Polychrome and Horizontal Bluebird, 1954, past Alexander Calder
  • In Retentiveness of My Feelings - Frank O'Hara, 1961, past Jasper Johns
  • Retroactive Two, 1963, by Robert Rauschenberg
  • Jackie Frieze, 1964, past Andy Warhol[69]
  • Untitled, 1970, Donald Judd
  • Untitled Motion-picture show Still, #14, 1978, by Cindy Sherman[lxx]
  • Rabbit, 1986, by Jeff Koons[71]
  • Cindy, 1988, past Chuck Close[72]
  • Presenting Negro Scenes Drawn Upon My Passage through the Due south and Reconfigured for the Do good of Enlightened Audiences Wherever Such May Be Plant, By Myself, Missus K.Eastward.B. Walker, Colored, 1997, past Kara Walker[73] [74]

During the 2008 fiscal year the MCA historic its 40th ceremony, which inspired gifts of works by artists such as Dan Flavin, Alfredo Jaar, and Thomas Ruff. Additionally, the museum expanded its collection by acquiring the work of some of the artists it presented during its anniversary celebration such equally Carlos Amorales, Tony Oursler, and Adam Pendleton.[38]

Run across also [edit]

  • Chicago compages
  • Visual arts of Chicago
  • Listing of museums and cultural institutions in Chicago
  • List of contemporary art museums
  • MCA Stage

References [edit]

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  69. ^ "Warhol, Andy". Museum of Contemporary Art. Archived from the original on December 28, 2010. Retrieved August 5, 2011.
  70. ^ "Sherman, Cindy". Museum of Gimmicky Art. Archived from the original on December 28, 2010. Retrieved August 5, 2011.
  71. ^ "Koons, Jeff". Museum of Contemporary Art. Archived from the original on December 28, 2010. Retrieved Baronial 5, 2011.
  72. ^ "Close, Chuck". Museum of Contemporary Art. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved Feb 5, 2007.
  73. ^ "Walker, Kara". Museum of Contemporary Fine art. Archived from the original on Dec 28, 2010. Retrieved August 5, 2011.
  74. ^ Smith, Elizabeth. Life Death Honey Hate Pleasance Pain: Selected works from the Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago. Museum of Gimmicky Fine art, Chicago: 2003.

External links [edit]

  • Official website

Coordinates: 41°53′50″Due north 87°37′16″W  /  41.8972°N 87.6212°W  / 41.8972; -87.6212

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museum_of_Contemporary_Art,_Chicago#:~:text=The%20four%2Dstory%20220%2C000%2Dsquare,contemporary%20art%20in%20the%20world.

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